Baking-oven.



. J. G. REDFORD.

. BAKING OVEN. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27. 1908.

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Patented Nov. 22, 1910.

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JOHN G. BEDFORD, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

BAKINGeOVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented NOV. 22, 1910.

Application filed November 27, 1908. Serial No. 464,661.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN G. Rnnronn, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Milwaukee, county of Milwaukee, State of \Visconsin, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Baking-Ovens, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to baking ovens, and the principal object of thesame is to provide means whereby the products of combustion for the ovenwill circulate through, over and about the same so that the oven will bethoroughly heated and kept at a uniform temperature.

In carrying out the object of the invention generally stated above it iscontemplated providing a casing that is provided with a burner orburners, said casing inclosing a shell which is spaced from said casing,the said shell in turn inclosing an oven which has a perforated bottomfor the admission of products of combustion and an opening in its topfor the escape of the products of combustion, the said shell beingprovided with means for causing the products of combustion to circulateover the top of the oven, down its sides thence over the sides of theshell and its top and thence to an outlet provided in said casing, thecirculating means provided being arranged so that the oven is surroundedby a heat Z0116.

In the practical application of the invention it will be understood, ofcourse, that the essential features thereof are necessarily susceptibleof changes in details and structural arrangements, one preferred andsimple embodiment of which is shown in the accompanying drawings,wherein Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved oven, partsthereof being broken away and the doors being removed to expose theinterior thereof. Fig. 2 is a view in front elevation, showing the doorsclosed. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of the cir culation shell ofthe oven. Fig. 4c is a fragmentary perspective view of the top of saidshell, viewed from the underside. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view ofthe oven, the perforated bottom thereof being removed. Fig. 6 is asimilar view showing the type of deflectors used on the top, side andends of the shell.

Referring to said drawings by numerals, 1 designates a substantiallyrectangular casing which is equipped with upper and lower doors 2-8 atits front, and has a pipe communication 4 with a source of fuel supply,not shown, said pipe feedin the burner 4 extending across the inside ofthe casing. shell 5 having an open bottom and front is supported inspaced relation to the top, bottom, rear end and sides of said casing bymeans of bolts, or other convenient supporting means 6, the rear 7 ofsaid shell having its ends projecting beyond the sides 8 thereof andcontacting with the sides of the easing so that the products ofcombustion cannot pass from said sides 8 to the rear 7 or vice versa, aswill be more fully explained. The under surface of the top 9 of saidshell is equipped with a substantially Y-shaped outstanding heatdeflector 10 which is centrally located thereon and has flat flanges 11which are riveted or otherwise rigidly fastoned to said top. The uppersurface of said top is equipped with two deflectors 1.213, which areduplicates in every re spect, each being composed of an outstanding bodyportion 14: and a flat fastening flange 15 which is riveted or otherwiserigidly fastened to said top. One end of said body portion is in theform of a hook 16, the other end being straight. Said deflectors 12-13are arranged in divergent relation on the said top, with their straightends extending to the rear of the shell and being in close proximity andadjacent the outlet 17 in the top of the casing 1. The hookshaped ends16 diverge and extend adjacent the front corners of said shell.

The outer face of the sides of the shell are each equipped with threedeflectors 18, 19, and 20 which are duplicates in every respect of thedeflectors on the top surface of the shell. The upper and the lowerdeflectors, 2018, are arranged on a slight incline and in parallelrelation with their straight ends extending to the front edge of theside and their h0ok-shaped ends terminating adjacent the rear. Theintermediate deflector 19 is arranged reversely to said deflectors18--20, its straight end extending to the rear edge of the side, and itshook-shaped end extending adjacent the front edge.

The rear of the shell is equipped with four deflectors 21, 22, 23 and2a, arranged in upper and lower pairs, and which are similar in allrespects to the side and top deflectors. The lower pair of deflectors2l-22 are arranged on an incline and in divergent relation, theirstraight ends extending to the ends of said rear and their hook-shapedends extending adjacent lower central portionof the rear and beingslightly spaced apart. The upper pair of deflectors 2324 are also on anincline and in divergent relation, the hook-shaped end extendingadjacent the straight end of the deflectors 2122. Th

the

nected by the outstanding deflecting strip 25.

An open front oven 26 is supported within the shell 5 by the bolts 6 inspaced relation so that there is clearance space between the said ovenand shell at the sides, rear tend well below the sides deflector 18 andoutlet 17. 'The which come over the lower edge of the rear 7 oven hasits ends projected as indicated at 28 to contact with the sides of theshell 5; The sides 29 exof the shell 5 and have their inner surfaceprovided with regularly spacedledges 30 so that the perforated removablebottom 31 may be adj ustably supported thereby, or the ledges not in usemay serve as supports for shelves, as will be readily understood.

As s shown in Fig. 3, theend hooks of the deflectors at the sides andrear of the shell 5 are all upturned, and said deflectors, as well asthe deflectors at the top of the shell 5 contact with the casing andthereby form passages for the products of combustion. When the parts oftheoven are assembled it will be seen that the doors 23 close oven 26and the space below, and that the products of combustion pass throughthe perforated bottom 31 to the interior of oven 26 and escapethroughthe top slot 27 and are caught by the deflector 10 of the top of theshell and are spread thereby so that they will'pass downwardly betweenthe sides and rear of the oven and shell, the products of combustion atthe sides being prevented from mingling with the products of comustionat the rear by the projecting ends 28 of the rear of the oven. Theproducts of combustion at the sides pass over the lower edges thereofand are caught by the lower caused to pass around its hook end wherethey contact with deflector l9 and take a downward course to pass aroundthe hook end of deflector 19, then contact with deflector '20 and arecarried downward to and around the hook end thereof, from which theypass over the upper edges of the sides and to the top when thedeflectors 12-13 catch the same'and defiect them diagonally across thetop and around the hook ends so that the side hot air currents will meetbetween said deflectors and be guided thereby to the passage betweentheir straight ends which is in communication with the products ofcombustion products of combustion e straight ends of said.

, carried by 7 of the shell 5 contact with the deflectors 2l22 and areconveyed to the contracted passage between their lower-hook-shaped ends,thence enter the space formed by the deflectors 21, 22, 23, 24, andstrip 25, and are deflected downwardly by the deflectors 2324 aroundtheir lower hook-shaped ends, then permitted to flow over the upperedges of the shell and contact with the outer side of the deflectors 12l3 and pass around their hook-shaped ends and flow between the same tothe passage between their straight ends to the outlet 17 It will be seenfrom the foregoing that the described arrangement of deflectors causesthe products of combustion to thoroughly circulate over the entire outersurface of the shell 5, which combined with the constant circulationcombustion throu h the space between the oven and said shell assures ofthe oven being thoroughly and uniformly heated.

lVhat I claim as my invention is 1. A device of the character describedcomprising a casing provided with heating means and means for permittingthe escape of products of combustion, a shell supported in spacedrelation therein, heat deflectors the under and outer surface of the topof said shell and by the sides and rear thereof, an oven inclosed bysaid shell and supported in spaced relation thereto, said oven beingprovided with a slotted top for the escape of the products of combustionand a perforated bottom for the admission of the products of combustion.

2. A device of the character described comprising a casing provided witha source of heat and means for permitting the escape of products ofcombustion, a shell arranged in spacedrelation therein and having anopen front and bottom, an upper, lower and intermediate heat deflectorcarried by each side of said shell, a pair of divergent deflectorscarried by the top of said shell, upper and lower pairs of divergentdeflectors carried by the rear of said shell, a deflector carried by theunder surface of the top of said shell, an oven supported within saidshell in spaced relation thereto and provided with a slotted top fordelivering the products of combustion to the deflector on the undersurface of the top of said shell, and a perforated bottom for said evenfor admitting the products of combustion to the interior thereof.

3. A device of the character described comprising a casing having anoutlet in its top, a shell supported in spaced relation within saidcasing, an oven inclosed by said shell which receives the products ofcombustion and delivers the same to the deflectors on the under surfaceof the top of the shell, a deflector carried by the under side of thetop of said shell for causing the products of of the products of Vcombustion to floW doWn the sides and rear of said shell, deflectors onthe sides of said shell for causing the products of combustion to have atortuous passage up the outer surface of said sides, deflectors on therear for causing the products of combustion to go up and down said rearand deliver the same to the top of the shell, the latter being providedWith means for preventing the products of combustion from the sides andrear passing around the ends of said rear, and deflectors on the outersurface of the top of the shell for receiving the products of combustionfrom said sides and rear and delivering the same to the outlet of thecasing.

t. A device of the character described comprising a casing provided Witha source of heat and means for permitting the escape of products ofcombustion, a shell therein provided With heat deflectors on the outersurface of its sides and end and on the outer and inner surfaces of itstop, means carried by the rear of said shell for preventingcommunication between the side spaces and the rear space formed betweensaid shell and easing, an oven supported in spaced re lation Within saidshell and provided With a bottom inlet and a top outlet for the productsof combustion, and means carried by the rear of said oven for preventingthe products of combustion passing from its sides to said rear.

5. A device of the character described comprising a casing provided Witha source of heat, and provided With a top outlet, a shell supported inspaced relation therein, a substantially Y-shaped deflector carried bythe under surface of the top of said shell for diverting the products ofcombustion down the sides and rear of the said shell, an oven supportedin spaced relation Within said shell and provided With means foradmitting the products of combustion and for discharging the same tosaid Y-shaped deflector, heat deflectors carried by the outer surface ofthe sides and the rear of the shell for diverting the products ofcombustion over and up their surfaces, and heat deflectors on the outersurface of said top for receiving and guiding the products of combustionfrom said sides and rear to said casing outlet.

6. A device of the character described comprising a casing provided Witha source of heat and with a discharge outlet, a shell supported inspaced relation therein, an oven supported in spaced relation Withinsaid shell and provided With a slotted top, a perforated bottomadjustably supported Within said oven, deflectors for the products ofcombustion carried by the outer surface of the sides of said shell, saiddeflectors being reversely arranged in staggered relation, upper andlower pairs of deflectors carried by the rear of said shell, the membersof said pairs of deflectors being arranged in divergent relation, adeflector on the under surface of the of divergently arranged deflectorson the outer surface of said top for delivering the products ofcombustion to said casing outlet.

7. A device of the character described comprising an oven, a shellsurrounding the same in spaced relation and provided With heatdeflectors on both surfaces of its top and the outer surfaces of itssides and rear, the deflectors at the sides, rear, and outer surface ofthe top having a straight outstanding body and a hook-shaped end, and acasing surrounding said shell in spaced relation and provided yvith asource of heat and means for permitting the escape of products ofcombustlon.

JOHN G. REDFORD.

In presence of- P. L. MOALLISTER, E. A. CRAIG.

top of said shell, and a pair.

